Showing 1–50 of 228 results for author: Bernlochner, F

Search for a dark Higgs boson produced in association with inelastic dark matter at the Belle II experiment

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, S. Alghamdi, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, K. Amos, M. Angelsmark, N. Anh Ky, C. Antonioli, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal , et al. (415 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: Inelastic dark matter models that have two dark matter particles and a massive dark photon can reproduce the observed relic dark matter density without violating cosmological limits. The mass splitting between the two dark matter particles $χ_{1}$ and $χ_{2}$, with $m(χ_{2}) > m(χ_{1})$, is induced by a dark Higgs field and a corresponding dark Higgs boson $h^{\prime}$. We present a search for dar… ▽ More Inelastic dark matter models that have two dark matter particles and a massive dark photon can reproduce the observed relic dark matter density without violating cosmological limits. The mass splitting between the two dark matter particles $χ_{1}$ and $χ_{2}$, with $m(χ_{2}) > m(χ_{1})$, is induced by a dark Higgs field and a corresponding dark Higgs boson $h^{\prime}$. We present a search for dark matter in events with two vertices, at least one of which must be displaced from the interaction region, and missing energy. Using a $365\,\mbox{fb}^{-1}$ data sample collected at Belle II, which operates at the SuperKEKB $e^+e^-$ collider, we observe no evidence for a signal. We set upper limits on the product of the production cross section $σ\left(e^+e^- \to h^\prime χ_1 χ_2\right)$, and the product of branching fractions $\mathcal{B}\left(χ_2\toχ_1 e^+ e^-\right)\times\mathcal{B}\left(h^\prime\to x^+x^-\right)$, where $x^+x^-$ indicates $μ^+μ^-, π^+π^-$, or $K^+K^-$, as functions of $h^{\prime}$ mass and lifetime at the level of $10^{-1}\,\mbox{fb}$. We set model-dependent upper limits on the dark Higgs mixing angle at the level of $10^{-5}$ and on the dark photon kinetic mixing parameter at the level of $10^{-3}$. This is the first search for dark Higgs bosons in association with inelastic dark matter. △ Less

Submitted 14 May, 2025; originally announced May 2025.

Comments: Submitted for publication with Physical Review Letters

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2025-015, KEK Preprint 2025-14

Search for lepton flavor-violating decay modes $B^0 \to K^{\ast 0}τ^\pm\ell^\mp$ ($\ell = e,μ$) with hadronic B-tagging at Belle and Belle II

Authors: Belle, Belle II Collaborations, :, I. Adachi, Y. Ahn, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, S. Alghamdi, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, K. Amos, M. Angelsmark, N. Anh Ky, C. Antonioli, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee , et al. (353 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present the results of a search for the charged-lepton-flavor violating decays $B^0 \rightarrow K^{*0}τ^\pm \ell^{\mp}$, where $\ell^{\mp}$ is either an electron or a muon. The results are based on 365 fb$^{-1}$ and 711 fb$^{-1}$ datasets collected with the Belle II and Belle detectors, respectively. We use an exclusive hadronic $B$-tagging technique, and search for a signal decay in the system… ▽ More We present the results of a search for the charged-lepton-flavor violating decays $B^0 \rightarrow K^{*0}τ^\pm \ell^{\mp}$, where $\ell^{\mp}$ is either an electron or a muon. The results are based on 365 fb$^{-1}$ and 711 fb$^{-1}$ datasets collected with the Belle II and Belle detectors, respectively. We use an exclusive hadronic $B$-tagging technique, and search for a signal decay in the system recoiling against a fully reconstructed $B$ meson. We find no evidence for $B^0 \rightarrow K^{*0}τ^\pm \ell^{\mp}$ decays and set upper limits on the branching fractions in the range of $(2.9-6.4)\times10^{-5}$ at 90% confidence level. △ Less

Submitted 13 May, 2025; originally announced May 2025.

Comments: 19 pages, 4 figures

Report number: Belle II preprint: 2025-014, KEK preprint: 2025-13

Measurement of the time-integrated $CP$ asymmetry in $D^0\toπ^0π^0$ decays at Belle II

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, Y. Ahn, N. Akopov, S. Alghamdi, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, K. Amos, M. Angelsmark, N. Anh Ky, C. Antonioli, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, M. Barrett, M. Bartl , et al. (350 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We measure the time-integrated $CP$ asymmetry, $A_{CP}$, in $D^0\toπ^0π^0$ decays reconstructed in $e^+e^-\to c\bar{c}$ events collected by Belle II during 2019--2022. The data corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 428$\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$. The $D^0$ decays are required to originate from the flavor-conserving $D^{*+} \to D^0 π^+$ decay to determine the charm flavor at production time. Control sa… ▽ More We measure the time-integrated $CP$ asymmetry, $A_{CP}$, in $D^0\toπ^0π^0$ decays reconstructed in $e^+e^-\to c\bar{c}$ events collected by Belle II during 2019--2022. The data corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 428$\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$. The $D^0$ decays are required to originate from the flavor-conserving $D^{*+} \to D^0 π^+$ decay to determine the charm flavor at production time. Control samples of $D^0\to K^- π^+$ decays, with or without an associated pion from a $D^{*+}$ decay, are used to correct for detection asymmetries. The result, $A_{CP}(D^0\toπ^0π^0) = (0.30\pm 0.72\pm 0.20)\%$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic, is consistent with $CP$ symmetry. △ Less

Submitted 5 May, 2025; originally announced May 2025.

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2025-009, KEK Preprint 2025-7

Measurement of the time-integrated $CP$ asymmetry in $D^0 \to K^0_{\rm S} K^0_{\rm S}$ decays using opposite-side flavor tagging at Belle and Belle II

Authors: Belle, Belle II Collaborations, :, I. Adachi, Y. Ahn, N. Akopov, S. Alghamdi, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, K. Amos, M. Angelsmark, N. Anh Ky, C. Antonioli, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee , et al. (356 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We measure the time-integrated $CP$ asymmetry in $D^0 \to K^0_{\rm S} K^0_{\rm S}$ decays reconstructed in $e^+e^-\to c{\overline c}$ events collected by the Belle and Belle II experiments. The corresponding data samples have integrated luminosities of 980 and 428 fb${}^{-1}$, respectively. To infer the flavor of the $D^0$ meson, we exploit the correlation between the flavor of the reconstructed d… ▽ More We measure the time-integrated $CP$ asymmetry in $D^0 \to K^0_{\rm S} K^0_{\rm S}$ decays reconstructed in $e^+e^-\to c{\overline c}$ events collected by the Belle and Belle II experiments. The corresponding data samples have integrated luminosities of 980 and 428 fb${}^{-1}$, respectively. To infer the flavor of the $D^0$ meson, we exploit the correlation between the flavor of the reconstructed decay and the electric charges of particles reconstructed in the rest of the $e^+e^-\to c{\overline c}$ event. This results in a sample which is independent from any other previously used at Belle or Belle II. The result, $A_{CP}(D^0 \to K^0_{\rm S} K^0_{\rm S}) = (1.3 \pm 2.0 \pm 0.2)\%$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic, is consistent with previous determinations and with $CP$ symmetry. △ Less

Submitted 22 April, 2025; originally announced April 2025.

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2025-006, KEK Preprint 2025-4

Search for lepton-flavor-violating $τ^- \to \ell^- K_s^0$ decays at Belle and Belle II

Authors: Belle, Belle II Collaborations, :, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, Y. Ahn, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, S. Alghamdi, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, K. Amos, M. Angelsmark, N. Anh Ky, C. Antonioli, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati , et al. (397 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present the results of a search for charged-lepton-flavor violating decays $τ^{-} \rightarrow \ell^{-}K_{S}^{0}$, where $\ell^{-}$ is either an electron or a muon. We combine $e^+e^-$ data samples recorded by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider (428 fb$^{-1}$) with samples recorded by the Belle experiment at the KEKB collider (980 fb$^{-1}$) to obtain a sample of 1.3 billion… ▽ More We present the results of a search for charged-lepton-flavor violating decays $τ^{-} \rightarrow \ell^{-}K_{S}^{0}$, where $\ell^{-}$ is either an electron or a muon. We combine $e^+e^-$ data samples recorded by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider (428 fb$^{-1}$) with samples recorded by the Belle experiment at the KEKB collider (980 fb$^{-1}$) to obtain a sample of 1.3 billion $e^+e^-\toτ^+τ^-$ events. We observe 0 and 1 events and set $90\%$ confidence level upper limits of $0.8 \times 10^{-8}$ and $1.2 \times 10^{-8}$ on the branching fractions of the decay modes $τ^{-} \rightarrow e^{-}K_{S}^{0}$ and $τ^{-} \rightarrow μ^{-}K_{S}^{0}$, respectively. These are the most stringent upper limits to date. △ Less

Submitted 22 April, 2025; originally announced April 2025.

Reconstruction and Performance Evaluation of FASER's Emulsion Detector at the LHC

Authors: FASER Collaboration, Roshan Mammen Abraham, Xiaocong Ai, Saul Alonso Monsalve, John Anders, Claire Antel, Akitaka Ariga, Tomoko Ariga, Jeremy Atkinson, Florian U. Bernlochner, Tobias Boeckh, Jamie Boyd, Lydia Brenner, Angela Burger, Franck Cadou, Roberto Cardella, David W. Casper, Charlotte Cavanagh, Xin Chen, Kohei Chinone, Dhruv Chouhan, Andrea Coccaro, Stephane Débieu, Ansh Desai, Sergey Dmitrievsky , et al. (99 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: This paper presents the reconstruction and performance evaluation of the FASER$ν$ emulsion detector, which aims to measure interactions from neutrinos produced in the forward direction of proton-proton collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The detector, composed of tungsten plates interleaved with emulsion films, records charged particles with sub-micron precision. A key challenge arises f… ▽ More This paper presents the reconstruction and performance evaluation of the FASER$ν$ emulsion detector, which aims to measure interactions from neutrinos produced in the forward direction of proton-proton collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The detector, composed of tungsten plates interleaved with emulsion films, records charged particles with sub-micron precision. A key challenge arises from the extremely high track density environment, reaching $\mathcal{O}(10^5)$ tracks per cm$^2$. To address this, dedicated alignment techniques and track reconstruction algorithms have been developed, building on techniques from previous experiments and introducing further optimizations. The performance of the detector is studied by evaluating the single-film efficiency, position and angular resolution, and the impact parameter distribution of reconstructed vertices. The results demonstrate that an alignment precision of 0.3 micrometers and robust track and vertex reconstruction are achieved, enabling accurate neutrino measurements in the TeV energy range. △ Less

Submitted 2 May, 2025; v1 submitted 17 April, 2025; originally announced April 2025.

Test of lepton flavor universality with measurements of $R(D^{+})$ and $R(D^{*+})$ using semileptonic $B$ tagging at the Belle II experiment

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, K. Adamczyk, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, S. Alghamdi, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, K. Amos, M. Angelsmark, N. Anh Ky, C. Antonioli, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati , et al. (428 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We report measurements of the ratios of branching fractions $\mathcal{R}(D^{(*)+}) = \mathcal{B}(\overline{B}{}^0 \to D^{(*)+} \,τ^- \, \overlineν_τ) / \mathcal{B}(\overline{B}{}^0 \to D^{(*)+} \, \ell^- \, \overlineν_\ell)$, where $\ell$ denotes either an electron or a muon. These ratios test the universality of the charged-current weak interaction. The results are based on a… ▽ More We report measurements of the ratios of branching fractions $\mathcal{R}(D^{(*)+}) = \mathcal{B}(\overline{B}{}^0 \to D^{(*)+} \,τ^- \, \overlineν_τ) / \mathcal{B}(\overline{B}{}^0 \to D^{(*)+} \, \ell^- \, \overlineν_\ell)$, where $\ell$ denotes either an electron or a muon. These ratios test the universality of the charged-current weak interaction. The results are based on a $365\, \mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ data sample collected with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB $e^+e^-$ collider, which operates at a center-of-mass energy corresponding to the $Υ(4S)$ resonance, just above the threshold for $B\overline{B}{}$ production. Signal candidates are reconstructed by selecting events in which the companion $B$ meson from the $Υ(4S) \to B\overline{B}{}$ decay is identified in semileptonic modes. The $τ$ lepton is reconstructed via its leptonic decays. We obtain $\mathcal{R}(D^+) = 0.418 \pm 0.074 ~({\mathrm{stat}}) \pm 0.051 ~({\mathrm{syst}})$ and $\mathcal{R}(D^{*+}) = 0.306 \pm 0.034 ~({\mathrm{stat}}) \pm 0.018 ~({\mathrm{syst}})$, which are consistent with world average values. Accounting for the correlation between them, these values differ from the Standard Model expectation by a collective significance of $1.7$ standard deviations. △ Less

Submitted 15 April, 2025; originally announced April 2025.

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2025-011, KEK Preprint 2025-9

Search for $B^0 \to K^{\ast 0} τ^+ τ^-$ decays at the Belle II experiment

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, K. Adamczyk, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, M. Angelsmark, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett , et al. (424 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present a search for the rare flavor-changing neutral-current decay $B^0 \to K^{\ast 0} τ^+ τ^-$ with data collected by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider. The analysis uses a 365 fb$^{-1}$ data sample recorded at the center-of-mass energy of the $Υ(4S)$ resonance. One of the $B$ mesons produced in the $Υ(4S)\to B^0 \bar{B}^0$ process is fully reconstructed in a… ▽ More We present a search for the rare flavor-changing neutral-current decay $B^0 \to K^{\ast 0} τ^+ τ^-$ with data collected by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider. The analysis uses a 365 fb$^{-1}$ data sample recorded at the center-of-mass energy of the $Υ(4S)$ resonance. One of the $B$ mesons produced in the $Υ(4S)\to B^0 \bar{B}^0$ process is fully reconstructed in a hadronic decay mode, while its companion $B$ meson is required to decay into a $K^{\ast 0}$ and two $τ$ leptons of opposite charge. The $τ$ leptons are reconstructed in final states with a single electron, muon, charged pion or charged $ρ$ meson, and additional neutrinos. We set an upper limit on the branching ratio of $BR(B^0 \to K^{\ast 0} τ^+ τ^-) < 1.8 \times 10^{-3}$ at the 90% confidence level, which is the most stringent constraint reported to date. △ Less

Submitted 14 April, 2025; originally announced April 2025.

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2025-010; KEK Preprint 2025-8

HFLAV input to the 2026 update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics

Authors: F. Archilli, Sw. Banerjee, E. Ben-Haim, F. U. Bernlochner, E. Bertholet, M. Bona, A. Bozek, C. Bozzi, J. Brodzicka, V. Chobanova, M. Chrzaszcz, M. Dorigo, U. Egede, A. Gaz, M. Gersabeck, T. Gershon, P. Goldenzweig, L. Grillo, K. Hayasaka, T. Humair, D. Johnson, M. Kenzie, T. Kuhr, O. Leroy, A. Lusiani , et al. (15 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: Heavy-flavour physics is an essential component of the particle-physics programme, offering critical tests of the Standard Model and far-reaching sensitivity to physics beyond it. Experiments such as LHCb, Belle II, and BESIII drive progress in the field, along with contributions from ATLAS and CMS. The LHCb Upgrade II and upgraded Belle II experiments will provide unique and highly sensitive meas… ▽ More Heavy-flavour physics is an essential component of the particle-physics programme, offering critical tests of the Standard Model and far-reaching sensitivity to physics beyond it. Experiments such as LHCb, Belle II, and BESIII drive progress in the field, along with contributions from ATLAS and CMS. The LHCb Upgrade II and upgraded Belle II experiments will provide unique and highly sensitive measurements for decades, playing a key role in the searches for new physics. Future facilities with significant heavy-flavour capabilities will further expand these opportunities. We advocate for a European Strategy that fully supports Upgrade II of LHCb and an upgrade of Belle II, along with their subsequent exploitation. Additionally, we support a long-term plan that fully integrates flavour physics in an $e^+e^-$ collider to run as a $Z$ factory. △ Less

Submitted 27 March, 2025; originally announced March 2025.

Comments: 7 pages. Submitted to the 2026 Update of the European Strategy of Particle Physics

Prospects and Opportunities with an upgraded FASER Neutrino Detector during the HL-LHC era: Input to the EPPSU

Authors: FASER Collaboration, Roshan Mammen Abraham, Xiaocong Ai, Saul Alonso-Monsalve, John Anders, Claire Antel, Akitaka Ariga, Tomoko Ariga, Jeremy Atkinson, Florian U. Bernlochner, Tobias Boeckh, Jamie Boyd, Lydia Brenner, Angela Burger, Franck Cadoux, Roberto Cardella, David W. Casper, Charlotte Cavanagh, Xin Chen, Dhruv Chouhan, Sebastiani Christiano, Andrea Coccaro, Stephane Débieux, Monica D'Onofrio, Ansh Desai , et al. (93 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The FASER experiment at CERN has opened a new window in collider neutrino physics by detecting TeV-energy neutrinos produced in the forward direction at the LHC. Building on this success, this document outlines the scientific case and design considerations for an upgraded FASER neutrino detector to operate during LHC Run 4 and beyond. The proposed detector will significantly enhance the neutrino p… ▽ More The FASER experiment at CERN has opened a new window in collider neutrino physics by detecting TeV-energy neutrinos produced in the forward direction at the LHC. Building on this success, this document outlines the scientific case and design considerations for an upgraded FASER neutrino detector to operate during LHC Run 4 and beyond. The proposed detector will significantly enhance the neutrino physics program by increasing event statistics, improving flavor identification, and enabling precision measurements of neutrino interactions at the highest man-made energies. Key objectives include measuring neutrino cross sections, probing proton structure and forward QCD dynamics, testing lepton flavor universality, and searching for beyond-the-Standard Model physics. Several detector configurations are under study, including high-granularity scintillator-based tracking calorimeters, high-precision silicon tracking layers, and advanced emulsion-based detectors for exclusive event reconstruction. These upgrades will maximize the physics potential of the HL-LHC, contribute to astroparticle physics and QCD studies, and serve as a stepping stone toward future neutrino programs at the Forward Physics Facility. △ Less

Submitted 25 March, 2025; originally announced March 2025.

Comments: Contribution prepared for the 2025 update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics, 10 pages, 11 figures

Report number: CERN-FASER-2025-001

Measurement of the Branching Fraction of $Λ_c^+ \to p K_S^0 π^0$ at Belle

Authors: The Belle, Belle II Collaborations, :, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, J. K. Ahn, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, M. Angelsmark, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade , et al. (404 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We report a precise measurement of the ratio of branching fractions $\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\to p K_S^0 π^0)/\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\to p K^- π^+)$ using 980 fb$^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ data from the Belle experiment. We obtain a value of $\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\to p K_S^0 π^0)/\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\to p K^- π^+)=0.339\pm 0.002\pm 0.009$, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.… ▽ More We report a precise measurement of the ratio of branching fractions $\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\to p K_S^0 π^0)/\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\to p K^- π^+)$ using 980 fb$^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ data from the Belle experiment. We obtain a value of $\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\to p K_S^0 π^0)/\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\to p K^- π^+)=0.339\pm 0.002\pm 0.009$, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. This Belle result is consistent with the previous measurement from the CLEO experiment but has a fivefold improvement in precision. By combining our result with the world average $\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\to p K^- π^+)$, we obtain the absolute branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\to p K_S^0 π^0)=(2.12\pm 0.01\pm 0.05 \pm 0.10)\%$, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and the uncertainty in the absolute branching fraction scale $\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\to p K^- π^+)$, respectively. This measurement can shed light on hadronic decay mechanisms in charmed baryon decays. △ Less

Submitted 18 March, 2025; v1 submitted 6 March, 2025; originally announced March 2025.

Comments: 20 pages, 7 figures

Report number: Belle II Preprint: 2024-022, KEK preprint: 2024-20

Evidence of the P_ccbars(4459)0 in Upsilon(1S, 2S) inclusive decays at Belle

Authors: I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, J. K. Ahn, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, M. Bartl, J. Baudot, A. Baur , et al. (380 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: Using data samples of 102 million Upsilon(1S) events and 158 million Upsilon(2S) events collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider, we search for [udsccbar] pentaquark states decaying to Jpsi Lambda. Using the first observations of Upsilon(1S, 2S) inclusive decays to Jpsi Lambda, we find evidence of the P_ccbars(4459)0 state with a significance of 3.3 standard… ▽ More Using data samples of 102 million Upsilon(1S) events and 158 million Upsilon(2S) events collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider, we search for [udsccbar] pentaquark states decaying to Jpsi Lambda. Using the first observations of Upsilon(1S, 2S) inclusive decays to Jpsi Lambda, we find evidence of the P_ccbars(4459)0 state with a significance of 3.3 standard deviations, including statistical and systematic uncertainties. We measure the mass and width of the Pccbars(4459)0 to be (4471.7 +- 4.8 +- 0.6) MeV/c2 and (21.9 +- 13.1 +- 2.7) MeV, respectively. The branching fractions for P_ccbars(4459)0 production are measured to be B[Upsilon(1S) -> P_ccbars(4459)0/ Pbar_ccbars(4459)0 + anything] = (3.5 +- 2.0 +- 0.2)*10-6 and B[Upsilin(2S) -> P_ccbars(4459)0/ Pbar_ccbars(4459)0 +anything] = (2.9 +- 1.7 +- 0.4)*10-6. The inclusive branching fractions of Upsilon(1S, 2S) -> Jpsi Lambda/Lambdabar are measured to be B[Upsilin(1S) -> Jpsi Lambda/Lambdabar + anything] = (36.9 +- 5.3 +- 2.4)*10-6 and B[Upsilon(2S) -> Jpsi Lambda/Lambdabar + anything] = (22.3 +- 5.7 +- 3.1)*10-6. We measure the visible cross section $σ(e^+e^- \to J/psi Λ/\barΛ$ + anything) = (90 +- 14 +- 6) fb for the continuum production at $\sqrt{s} = 10.52$ GeV. In all cases, the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. △ Less

Submitted 14 February, 2025; originally announced February 2025.

Comments: 8 pages, 3 figures

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2025-002, KEK Preprint 2024-50

Measurement of $B^+\toτ^+ν_τ$ branching fraction with a hadronic tagging method at Belle II

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, K. Adamczyk, H. Ahmed, Y. Ahn, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, M. Angelsmark, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, M. Bartl, J. Baudot, A. Baur , et al. (319 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present a measurement of the branching fraction of $B^+\toτ^+ν_τ$ decays using $(387\pm6)\times 10^6$ $Υ(4S)$ collected between 2019 and 2022 with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB $e^+e^-$ collider. We reconstruct the accompanying $B^-$ meson using the hadronic tagging method, while $B^+\toτ^+ν_τ$ candidates are identified in the recoil. We find evidence for $B^+\toτ^+ν_τ$ decays at 3.0 s… ▽ More We present a measurement of the branching fraction of $B^+\toτ^+ν_τ$ decays using $(387\pm6)\times 10^6$ $Υ(4S)$ collected between 2019 and 2022 with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB $e^+e^-$ collider. We reconstruct the accompanying $B^-$ meson using the hadronic tagging method, while $B^+\toτ^+ν_τ$ candidates are identified in the recoil. We find evidence for $B^+\toτ^+ν_τ$ decays at 3.0 standard deviations, including systematic uncertainties. The measured branching fraction is $\mathcal{B}(B^+\toτ^+ν_τ) = [1.24 \pm 0.41 (\text{stat.}) \pm 0.19 (\text{syst.})] \times 10^{-4}$. △ Less

Submitted 7 February, 2025; originally announced February 2025.

Report number: Belle II preprint 2024-033, KEK preprint 2024-48

Search for lepton flavor-violating decay modes $B^0\to K_S^0τ^\pm\ell^\mp~(\ell=μ, e)$ with hadronic $B$-tagging at Belle and Belle II

Authors: Belle, Belle II Collaborations, :, I. Adachi, K. Adamczyk, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal , et al. (403 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present the first search for the lepton flavor-violating decay modes $B^0 \rightarrow K_S^0 τ^\pm \ell^\mp~(\ell=μ, e)$ using the 711 fb$^{-1}$ and 365 fb$^{-1}$ data samples recorded by the Belle and Belle II detectors, respectively. We use a hadronic $B$-tagging technique, and search for the signal decay in the system recoiling against the fully reconstructed $B$ meson. We find no evidence fo… ▽ More We present the first search for the lepton flavor-violating decay modes $B^0 \rightarrow K_S^0 τ^\pm \ell^\mp~(\ell=μ, e)$ using the 711 fb$^{-1}$ and 365 fb$^{-1}$ data samples recorded by the Belle and Belle II detectors, respectively. We use a hadronic $B$-tagging technique, and search for the signal decay in the system recoiling against the fully reconstructed $B$ meson. We find no evidence for $B^0 \rightarrow K_S^0 τ^\pm \ell^\mp$ decays and set 90\% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions in the range of $[0.8,\,3.6]\times10^{-5}$. △ Less

Submitted 20 December, 2024; originally announced December 2024.

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-031, KEK Preprint 2024-33

Measurement of the branching fraction and $\it CP$-violating asymmetry of the decay $B^{0} \rightarrow π^{0} π^{0}$ using $387$ million bottom-antibottom meson pairs in Belle II data

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, M. Alhakami, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, M. Bartl, J. Baudot, A. Baur , et al. (415 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We measure the branching fraction and $\it CP$-violating flavor-dependent rate asymmetry of $B^{0} \to π^{0} π^{0}$ decays reconstructed using the Belle II detector in an electron-positron collision sample containing $387 \times 10^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs. Using an optimized event selection, we find $126\pm 20$ signal decays in a fit to background-discriminating and flavor-sensitive distributio… ▽ More We measure the branching fraction and $\it CP$-violating flavor-dependent rate asymmetry of $B^{0} \to π^{0} π^{0}$ decays reconstructed using the Belle II detector in an electron-positron collision sample containing $387 \times 10^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs. Using an optimized event selection, we find $126\pm 20$ signal decays in a fit to background-discriminating and flavor-sensitive distributions. The resulting branching fraction is $(1.25 \pm 0.23)\times 10^{-6}$ and the $\it CP$-violating asymmetry is $0.03 \pm 0.30$. △ Less

Submitted 18 December, 2024; originally announced December 2024.

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-032, KEK Preprint 2024-34

Truncation orders, external constraints, and the determination of $|V_{cb}|$

Authors: Eric Persson, Florian Bernlochner

Abstract: We present a model selection framework for the extraction of the CKM matrix element $|V_{cb}|$ from exclusive $B \to D^* l ν$ decays. By framing the truncation of the Boyd-Grinstein-Lebed (BGL) parameterization as a model selection task, we apply the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) to choose the optimal truncation order. We demonstrate the performance of our approach through a comprehensive toy… ▽ More We present a model selection framework for the extraction of the CKM matrix element $|V_{cb}|$ from exclusive $B \to D^* l ν$ decays. By framing the truncation of the Boyd-Grinstein-Lebed (BGL) parameterization as a model selection task, we apply the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) to choose the optimal truncation order. We demonstrate the performance of our approach through a comprehensive toy study, comparing it to the Nested Hypothesis Test (NHT) method used in previous analyses. Our results show that the AIC-based approach produces unbiased estimates of $|V_{cb}|$, albeit with some issues of undercoverage. We further investigate the impact of unitarity constraints and explore model averaging using the Global AIC (gAIC) approach, which produced unbiased results with correct coverage properties. Our findings suggest that model selection techniques based on information criteria and model averaging offer a promising path towards more reliable $|V_{cb}|$ determinations. △ Less

Submitted 10 December, 2024; originally announced December 2024.

Comments: Presented at the 42nd International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP)

First Measurement of the Muon Neutrino Interaction Cross Section and Flux as a Function of Energy at the LHC with FASER

Authors: FASER Collaboration, Roshan Mammen Abraham, Xiaocong Ai, John Anders, Claire Antel, Akitaka Ariga, Tomoko Ariga, Jeremy Atkinson, Florian U. Bernlochner, Tobias Boeckh, Jamie Boyd, Lydia Brenner, Angela Burger, Franck Cadoux, Roberto Cardella, David W. Casper, Charlotte Cavanagh, Xin Chen, Dhruv Chouhan, Andrea Coccaro, Stephane Débieux, Monica D'Onofrio, Ansh Desai, Sergey Dmitrievsky, Radu Dobre , et al. (85 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: This letter presents the measurement of the energy-dependent neutrino-nucleon cross section in tungsten and the differential flux of muon neutrinos and anti-neutrinos. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of $13.6 \, {\rm TeV}$ and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $(65.6 \pm 1.4) \, \mathrm{fb^{-1}}$. Using the active electronic compon… ▽ More This letter presents the measurement of the energy-dependent neutrino-nucleon cross section in tungsten and the differential flux of muon neutrinos and anti-neutrinos. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of $13.6 \, {\rm TeV}$ and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $(65.6 \pm 1.4) \, \mathrm{fb^{-1}}$. Using the active electronic components of the FASER detector, $338.1 \pm 21.0$ charged current muon neutrino interaction events are identified, with backgrounds from other processes subtracted. We unfold the neutrino events into a fiducial volume corresponding to the sensitive regions of the FASER detector and interpret the results in two ways: We use the expected neutrino flux to measure the cross section, and we use the predicted cross section to measure the neutrino flux. Both results are presented in six bins of neutrino energy, achieving the first differential measurement in the TeV range. The observed distributions align with Standard Model predictions. Using this differential data, we extract the contributions of neutrinos from pion and kaon decays. △ Less

Submitted 6 May, 2025; v1 submitted 4 December, 2024; originally announced December 2024.

Report number: CERN-EP-2024-309

Averages of $b$-hadron, $c$-hadron, and $τ$-lepton properties as of 2023

Authors: Sw. Banerjee, E. Ben-Haim, F. Bernlochner, E. Bertholet, M. Bona, A. Bozek, C. Bozzi, J. Brodzicka, V. Chobanova, M. Chrzaszcz, U. Egede, M. Gersabeck, P. Goldenzweig, N. Gharbi, L. Grillo, K. Hayasaka, T. Humair, D. Johnson, T. Kuhr, O. Leroy, A. Lusiani, H. -L. Ma, M. Margoni, R. Mizuk, P. Naik , et al. (13 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: This paper reports world averages of measurements of $b$-hadron, $c$-hadron, and $τ$-lepton properties obtained by the Heavy Flavour Averaging Group using results available before October 2023. In rare cases, significant results obtained several months later are also used. For the averaging, common input parameters used in the various analyses are adjusted (rescaled) to common values, and known co… ▽ More This paper reports world averages of measurements of $b$-hadron, $c$-hadron, and $τ$-lepton properties obtained by the Heavy Flavour Averaging Group using results available before October 2023. In rare cases, significant results obtained several months later are also used. For the averaging, common input parameters used in the various analyses are adjusted (rescaled) to common values, and known correlations are taken into account. The averages include branching fractions, lifetimes, neutral meson mixing parameters, \CP~violation parameters, parameters of semileptonic decays, and Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements. △ Less

Submitted 24 November, 2024; originally announced November 2024.

Comments: 523 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2206.07501, arXiv:1909.12524; text overlap with arXiv:1612.07233, arXiv:1412.7515

Measurement of the inclusive branching fractions for $B_s^0$ decays into $D$ mesons via hadronic tagging

Authors: Belle, Belle II Collaborations, :, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, S. Al Said, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal , et al. (430 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We report measurements of the absolute branching fractions $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to D_s^{\pm} X)$, $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to D^0/\bar{D}^0 X)$, and $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to D^{\pm} X)$, where the latter is measured for the first time. The results are based on a 121.4\,fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected at the $Υ(10860)$ resonance by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+ e^-$ collider. We rec… ▽ More We report measurements of the absolute branching fractions $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to D_s^{\pm} X)$, $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to D^0/\bar{D}^0 X)$, and $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to D^{\pm} X)$, where the latter is measured for the first time. The results are based on a 121.4\,fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected at the $Υ(10860)$ resonance by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+ e^-$ collider. We reconstruct one $B_s^0$ meson in $e^+e^- \to Υ(10860) \to B_s^{*} \bar{B}_s^{*}$ events and measure yields of $D_s^+$, $D^0$, and $D^+$ mesons in the rest of the event. We obtain $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to D_s^{\pm} X) = (68.6 \pm 7.2 \pm 4.0)\%$, $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to D^0/\bar{D}^0 X) = (21.5 \pm 6.1 \pm 1.8)\%$, and $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to D^{\pm} X) = (12.6 \pm 4.6 \pm 1.3)\%$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. Averaging with previous Belle measurements gives $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to D_s^{\pm} X) = (63.4 \pm 4.5 \pm 2.2)\%$ and $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to D^0/\bar{D}^0 X) = (23.9 \pm 4.1 \pm 1.8)\%$. For the $B_s^0$ production fraction at the $Υ(10860)$, we find $f_s = (21.4^{+1.5}_{-1.7})\%$. △ Less

Submitted 18 February, 2025; v1 submitted 21 November, 2024; originally announced November 2024.

Comments: 23 pages, 9 figures, submitted to JHEP

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-030, KEK Preprint 2024-32

Measurement of $B \to K{}^{*}(892)γ$ decays at Belle II

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, M. Bartl, J. Baudot , et al. (429 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present measurements of $B \to K{}^{*}(892)γ$ decays using $365\,{\rm fb}^{-1}$ of data collected from 2019 to 2022 by the Belle~II experiment at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. The data sample contains $(387 \pm 6) \times 10^6$ $Υ(4S)$ events. We measure branching fractions ($\mathcal{B}$) and $C\!P$ asymmetries ($\mathcal{A}_{C\!P}$) for both $B^{0}\to K{}^{*0}γ$ and… ▽ More We present measurements of $B \to K{}^{*}(892)γ$ decays using $365\,{\rm fb}^{-1}$ of data collected from 2019 to 2022 by the Belle~II experiment at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. The data sample contains $(387 \pm 6) \times 10^6$ $Υ(4S)$ events. We measure branching fractions ($\mathcal{B}$) and $C\!P$ asymmetries ($\mathcal{A}_{C\!P}$) for both $B^{0}\to K{}^{*0}γ$ and $B^{+}\to K{}^{*+}γ$ decays. The difference in $C\!P$ asymmetries ($Δ\mathcal{A}_{C\!P}$) and the isospin asymmetry ($Δ_{0+}$) between these neutral and charged channels are also measured. We obtain the following branching fractions and $C\!P$ asymmetries: $\mathcal{B} (B^{0} \to K{}^{*0}γ) = (4.14 \pm 0.10 \pm 0.11 ) \times 10^{-5}$, $\mathcal{B} (B^{+} \to K{}^{*+}γ) = (4.04 \pm 0.13 {}^{+0.13}_{-0.15} )\times 10^{-5}$, $\mathcal{A}_{C\!P} (B^{0} \to K{}^{*0}γ) = (-3.3 \pm 2.3 \pm 0.4 )\%$, and $\mathcal{A}_{C\!P} (B^{+} \to K{}^{*+}γ) = (-0.7 \pm 2.9 \pm 0.5 )\%$. The measured difference in $C\!P$ asymmetries is $Δ\mathcal{A}_{C\!P} = (+2.6 \pm 3.8 \pm 0.6 )\%$, and the measured isospin asymmetry is $Δ_{0+} = (+4.8 \pm 2.0 \pm 1.8 )\%$. The first uncertainties listed are statistical and the second are systematic. These results are consistent with world-average values and theory predictions. △ Less

Submitted 19 March, 2025; v1 submitted 15 November, 2024; originally announced November 2024.

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-029; KEK Preprint 2024-31

Model independent bounds on heavy sterile neutrinos from the angular distribution of $\mathbf{B\to D^*\ellν}$ decays

Authors: Florian U. Bernlochner, Marco Fedele, Tim Kretz, Ulrich Nierste, Markus T. Prim

Abstract: In this paper we study the bounds that can be inferred on New Physics couplings to heavy sterile neutrinos $N$ from the recent measurements performed by the Belle collaboration of the angular analysis of $B\to D^*\ell\barν_\ell$ decays, with $\ell=e,μ$. Indeed, a sterile neutrino $N$ may lead to competing $B\to D^*\ell\bar N$ decays and Belle might have measured an incoherent sum of these two inde… ▽ More In this paper we study the bounds that can be inferred on New Physics couplings to heavy sterile neutrinos $N$ from the recent measurements performed by the Belle collaboration of the angular analysis of $B\to D^*\ell\barν_\ell$ decays, with $\ell=e,μ$. Indeed, a sterile neutrino $N$ may lead to competing $B\to D^*\ell\bar N$ decays and Belle might have measured an incoherent sum of these two independent channels. After reviewing the theoretical formalism required to describe this phenomenon in full generality, we first perform a bump hunt in the $M_{\rm miss}^2$ Belle distribution to search for evidences of an additional massive neutrino. We found in such a way a small hint at $M_{\rm miss}^2 \sim (350\ {\rm MeV})^2$. However, the Belle angular analysis is sensitive to $N$ masses up to $\mathcal{O}$(50 MeV), preventing us to further inspect this hint. Nevertheless, we study the potential impact of this additional channel in the allowed mass range on the measured angular distributions and extract model-independent bounds on the new-physics couplings which could mediate such an interaction. In particular, in the mass window here inspected, we obtain the most stringent bounds for vector and left-handed scalar operators to date. △ Less

Submitted 10 December, 2024; v1 submitted 15 October, 2024; originally announced October 2024.

Comments: 23 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. Matching published version to appear on JHEP

Report number: TTP24-041

Shining Light on the Dark Sector: Search for Axion-like Particles and Other New Physics in Photonic Final States with FASER

Authors: FASER collaboration, Roshan Mammen Abraham, Xiaocong Ai, John Anders, Claire Antel, Akitaka Ariga, Tomoko Ariga, Jeremy Atkinson, Florian U. Bernlochner, Emma Bianchi, Tobias Boeckh, Jamie Boyd, Lydia Brenner, Angela Burger, Franck Cadoux, Roberto Cardella, David W. Casper, Charlotte Cavanagh, Xin Chen, Eunhyung Cho, Dhruv Chouhan, Andrea Coccaro, Stephane Débieux, Monica D'Onofrio, Ansh Desai , et al. (84 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The first FASER search for a light, long-lived particle decaying into a pair of photons is reported. The search uses LHC proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=13.6~\text{TeV}$ collected in 2022 and 2023, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $57.7\text{fb}^{-1}$. A model with axion-like particles (ALPs) dominantly coupled to weak gauge bosons is the primary target. Signal events are cha… ▽ More The first FASER search for a light, long-lived particle decaying into a pair of photons is reported. The search uses LHC proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=13.6~\text{TeV}$ collected in 2022 and 2023, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $57.7\text{fb}^{-1}$. A model with axion-like particles (ALPs) dominantly coupled to weak gauge bosons is the primary target. Signal events are characterised by high-energy deposits in the electromagnetic calorimeter and no signal in the veto scintillators. One event is observed, compared to a background expectation of $0.44 \pm 0.39$ events, which is entirely dominated by neutrino interactions. World-leading constraints on ALPs are obtained for masses up to $300~\text{MeV}$ and couplings to the Standard Model W gauge boson, $g_{aWW}$, around $10^{-4}$ GeV$^{-1}$, testing a previously unexplored region of parameter space. Other new particle models that lead to the same experimental signature, including ALPs coupled to gluons or photons, U(1)$_B$ gauge bosons, up-philic scalars, and a Type-I two-Higgs doublet model, are also considered for interpretation, and new constraints on previously viable parameter space are presented in this paper. △ Less

Submitted 17 December, 2024; v1 submitted 14 October, 2024; originally announced October 2024.

Comments: 37 pages, 22 figures

Report number: CERN-EP-2024-262

Observation of time-dependent $CP$ violation and measurement of the branching fraction of $B^0 \to J/ψπ^0$ decays

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer , et al. (369 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present a measurement of the branching fraction and time-dependent charge-parity ($CP$) decay-rate asymmetries in $B^0 \to J/ψπ^0$ decays. The data sample was collected with the Belle~II detector at the SuperKEKB asymmetric $e^+e^-$ collider in 2019-2022 and contains $(387\pm 6)\times 10^6$ $B\overline{B}$ meson pairs from $Υ(4S)$ decays. We reconstruct $392\pm 24$ signal decays and fit the… ▽ More We present a measurement of the branching fraction and time-dependent charge-parity ($CP$) decay-rate asymmetries in $B^0 \to J/ψπ^0$ decays. The data sample was collected with the Belle~II detector at the SuperKEKB asymmetric $e^+e^-$ collider in 2019-2022 and contains $(387\pm 6)\times 10^6$ $B\overline{B}$ meson pairs from $Υ(4S)$ decays. We reconstruct $392\pm 24$ signal decays and fit the $CP$ parameters from the distribution of the proper-decay-time difference of the two $B$ mesons. We measure the branching fraction to be $B(B^0 \to J/ψπ^0)=(2.00 \pm 0.12 \pm 0.09)\times 10^{-5}$ and the direct and mixing-induced $CP$ asymmetries to be $C_{CP}=0.13 \pm 0.12 \pm 0.03$ and $S_{CP}=-0.88 \pm 0.17 \pm 0.03$, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. We observe mixing-induced $CP$ violation with a significance of $5.0$ standard deviations for the first time in this mode. △ Less

Submitted 27 January, 2025; v1 submitted 11 October, 2024; originally announced October 2024.

Report number: Belle II preprint: 2024-018, KEK preprint: 2024-14

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. D 111, 012011 (2025)

Search for $C\!P$ violation in $D^+_{(s)}\to{}K_{S}^{0}K^{-}π^{+}π^{+}$ decays using triple and quadruple products

Authors: Belle, Belle II Collaborations, :, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, N. K. Baghel, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer , et al. (344 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We perform the first search for $C\!P$ violation in ${D_{(s)}^{+}\to{}K_{S}^{0}K^{-}π^{+}π^{+}}$ decays. We use a combined data set from the Belle and Belle II experiments, which study $e^+e^-$ collisions at center-of-mass energies at or near the $Υ(4S)$ resonance. We use 980 fb$^{-1}$ of data from Belle and 428 fb$^{-1}$ of data from Belle~II. We measure six $C\!P$-violating asymmetries that are… ▽ More We perform the first search for $C\!P$ violation in ${D_{(s)}^{+}\to{}K_{S}^{0}K^{-}π^{+}π^{+}}$ decays. We use a combined data set from the Belle and Belle II experiments, which study $e^+e^-$ collisions at center-of-mass energies at or near the $Υ(4S)$ resonance. We use 980 fb$^{-1}$ of data from Belle and 428 fb$^{-1}$ of data from Belle~II. We measure six $C\!P$-violating asymmetries that are based on triple products and quadruple products of the momenta of final-state particles, and also the particles' helicity angles. We obtain a precision at the level of 0.5% for $D^+\to{}K_{S}^{0}K^{-}π^{+}π^{+}$ decays, and better than 0.3% for $D^+_{s}\to{}K_{S}^{0}K^{-}π^{+}π^{+}$ decays. No evidence of $C\!P$ violation is found. Our results for the triple-product asymmetries are the most precise to date for singly-Cabibbo-suppressed $D^+$ decays. Our results for the other asymmetries are the first such measurements performed for charm decays. △ Less

Submitted 12 February, 2025; v1 submitted 24 September, 2024; originally announced September 2024.

Comments: 21 pages, 10 figures

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-025, KEK Preprint 2024-24, UCHEP-24-05

Journal ref: JHEP 04 (2025) 036

Charming Darwin: the evolution of QCD parameters across different species

Authors: Florian Bernlochner, Alex Gilman, Sneha Malde, Markus Prim, K. Keri Vos, Guy Wilkinson

Abstract: We explore the prospects of measurements of spectral moments of inclusive charm decays with BESIII. The rich and uniquely clean data set of charm mesons and baryons at BESIII offers a unique laboratory to study the evolution of Heavy Quark Expansion (HQE) parameters across different charm hadron species and to shed light on the interplay between heavy quark dynamics and light quark effects. The HQ… ▽ More We explore the prospects of measurements of spectral moments of inclusive charm decays with BESIII. The rich and uniquely clean data set of charm mesons and baryons at BESIII offers a unique laboratory to study the evolution of Heavy Quark Expansion (HQE) parameters across different charm hadron species and to shed light on the interplay between heavy quark dynamics and light quark effects. The HQE in terms of inverse powers of the heavy meson mass is well-established in beauty decays, however due to the lighter charm mass its applicability to charm remains an open question. To date no determination of the HQE parameters, the kinetic energy, chromomagnetic moment and Darwin terms, has been attempted. A particularly important role here is given to the Darwin and weak annihilation operators, whose values are important to predict lifetimes of heavy hadrons. Using a fast simulation for the BESIII detector response and predictions for spectral moments, we investigate the sensitivity to HQE parameters with today's and possible future data sets. In addition, we discuss the theory challenges for the HQE in charm and the experimental limitations. We further investigate the sensitivity of determining the CKM matrix element $|V_{cs}|$ with inclusive semileptonic charm decays. △ Less

Submitted 8 May, 2025; v1 submitted 19 August, 2024; originally announced August 2024.

Journal ref: JHEP05(2025)061

Determination of $|V_{ub}|$ from simultaneous measurements of untagged $B^0\toπ^- \ell^+ ν_{\ell}$ and $B^+\toρ^0 \ell^+ν_{\ell}$ decays

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, M. Bauer, A. Baur, A. Beaubien , et al. (395 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present a measurement of $|V_{ub}|$ from a simultaneous study of the charmless semileptonic decays $B^0\toπ^- \ell^+ ν_{\ell}$ and $B^+\toρ^0 \ell^+ν_{\ell}$, where $\ell = e, μ$. This measurement uses a data sample of 387 million $B\overline{B}$ meson pairs recorded by the Belle~II detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider between 2019 and 2022. The two decays are reconstructed with… ▽ More We present a measurement of $|V_{ub}|$ from a simultaneous study of the charmless semileptonic decays $B^0\toπ^- \ell^+ ν_{\ell}$ and $B^+\toρ^0 \ell^+ν_{\ell}$, where $\ell = e, μ$. This measurement uses a data sample of 387 million $B\overline{B}$ meson pairs recorded by the Belle~II detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider between 2019 and 2022. The two decays are reconstructed without identifying the partner $B$ mesons. We simultaneously measure the differential branching fractions of $B^0\toπ^- \ell^+ ν_{\ell}$ and $B^+\toρ^0 \ell^+ν_{\ell}$ decays as functions of $q^2$ (momentum transfer squared). From these, we obtain total branching fractions $B(B^0\toπ^- \ell^+ ν_{\ell}) = (1.516 \pm 0.042 (\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.059 (\mathrm{syst})) \times 10^{-4}$ and $B(B^+\toρ^0 \ell^+ν_{\ell}) = (1.625 \pm 0.079 (\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.180 (\mathrm{syst})) \times 10^{-4}$. By fitting the measured $B^0\toπ^- \ell^+ ν_{\ell}$ partial branching fractions as functions of $q^2$, together with constraints on the non-perturbative hadronic contribution from lattice QCD calculations, we obtain $|V_{ub}|$ = $(3.93 \pm 0.09 \pm 0.13 \pm 0.19) \times 10^{-3}$. Here, the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is theoretical. △ Less

Submitted 24 July, 2024; originally announced July 2024.

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-023, KEK Preprint 2024-21

Measurement of $CP$ asymmetries in $B^0 \to K^0_S π^0 γ$ decays at Belle II

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer , et al. (414 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We report measurements of time-dependent $CP$ asymmetries in $B^0 \to K^0_S π^0 γ$ decays based on a data sample of $(388\pm6)\times10^6$ $B\bar{B}$ events collected at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance with the Belle II detector. The Belle II experiment operates at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. We measure decay-time distributions to determine $CP$-violating parameters $S$ and $C$. We det… ▽ More We report measurements of time-dependent $CP$ asymmetries in $B^0 \to K^0_S π^0 γ$ decays based on a data sample of $(388\pm6)\times10^6$ $B\bar{B}$ events collected at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance with the Belle II detector. The Belle II experiment operates at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. We measure decay-time distributions to determine $CP$-violating parameters $S$ and $C$. We determine these parameters for two ranges of $K^0_S π^0$ invariant mass: $m(K^0_S π^0)\in (0.8, 1.0)$ $GeV/c^2$, which is dominated by $B^0 \to K^{*0} (\to K^0_S π^0) γ$ decays, and a complementary region $m(K^0_S π^0)\in (0.6, 0.8)\cup(1.0, 1.8)$ $GeV/c^2$. Our results have improved precision as compared to previous measurements and are consistent with theory predictions. △ Less

Submitted 12 July, 2024; originally announced July 2024.

Comments: 10 pages, 4 figures

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-009, KEK Preprint 2024-1

Measurement of branching fractions, CP asymmetry, and isospin asymmetry for $\boldsymbol{B\rightarrowργ}$ decays using Belle and Belle II data

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, K. Adamczyk, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer , et al. (385 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present measurements of $B^{+}\rightarrowρ^{+}γ$ and $B^{0}\rightarrowρ^{0}γ$ decays using a combined data sample of $772 \times 10^6$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle experiment and $387\times 10^6$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle II experiment in $e^{+}e^{-}$ collisions at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance. After an optimized selection, a simultaneous fit to the Belle and Belle I… ▽ More We present measurements of $B^{+}\rightarrowρ^{+}γ$ and $B^{0}\rightarrowρ^{0}γ$ decays using a combined data sample of $772 \times 10^6$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle experiment and $387\times 10^6$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle II experiment in $e^{+}e^{-}$ collisions at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance. After an optimized selection, a simultaneous fit to the Belle and Belle II data sets yields $114\pm 12$ $B^{+}\rightarrowρ^{+}γ$ and $99\pm 12$ $B^{0}\rightarrowρ^{0}γ$ decays. The measured branching fractions are $(13.1^{+2.0 +1.3}_{-1.9 -1.2})\times 10^{-7}$ and $(7.5\pm 1.3^{+1.0}_{-0.8})\times 10^{-7}$ for $B^{+}\rightarrowρ^{+}γ$ and $B^{0}\rightarrowρ^{0}γ$ decays, respectively, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. We also measure the isospin asymmetry $A_{\rm I}(B\rightarrowργ)=(10.9^{+11.2 +7.8}_{-11.7 -7.3})\%$ and the direct CP asymmetry $A_{CP}(B^{+}\rightarrowρ^{+}γ)=(-8.2\pm 15.2^{+1.6}_{-1.2})\%$. △ Less

Submitted 12 July, 2024; originally announced July 2024.

Comments: 12 pages, 4 figures

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2023-019; KEK Preprint 2023-37; UCHEP-24-04

Search for the baryon number and lepton number violating decays $τ^-\to Λπ^-$ and $τ^-\to \barΛπ^-$ at Belle II

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien , et al. (349 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present a search for the baryon number $B$ and lepton number $L$ violating decays $τ^- \rightarrow Λπ^-$ and $τ^- \rightarrow \barΛ π^-$ produced from the $e^+e^-\to τ^+τ^-$ process, using a 364 fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected by the Belle~II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider. No evidence of signal is found in either decay mode, which have $|Δ(B-L)|$ equal to $2$ and $0$, respectively. Upper… ▽ More We present a search for the baryon number $B$ and lepton number $L$ violating decays $τ^- \rightarrow Λπ^-$ and $τ^- \rightarrow \barΛ π^-$ produced from the $e^+e^-\to τ^+τ^-$ process, using a 364 fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected by the Belle~II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider. No evidence of signal is found in either decay mode, which have $|Δ(B-L)|$ equal to $2$ and $0$, respectively. Upper limits at 90\% credibility level on the branching fractions of $τ^- \rightarrow Λπ^-$ and $τ^- \rightarrow \barΛπ^-$ are determined to be $4.7 \times 10^{-8}$ and $4.3 \times 10^{-8}$, respectively. △ Less

Submitted 6 July, 2024; originally announced July 2024.

Comments: 8 pages, 4 figures

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-020; KEK Preprint 2024-17

Journal ref: Physical Review D 110, 112003 (2024)

Measurement of the integrated luminosity of data samples collected during 2019-2022 by the Belle II experiment

Authors: The Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, J. K. Ahn, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien , et al. (382 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: A series of data samples was collected with the Belle~II detector at the SuperKEKB collider from March 2019 to June 2022. We determine the integrated luminosities of these data samples using three distinct methodologies involving Bhabha ($e^+e^- \to e^+e^-(nγ)$), digamma ($e^+e^- \to γγ(nγ)$), and dimuon ($e^+e^- \to μ^+ μ^- (nγ)$) events. The total integrated luminosity obtained with Bhabha, diga… ▽ More A series of data samples was collected with the Belle~II detector at the SuperKEKB collider from March 2019 to June 2022. We determine the integrated luminosities of these data samples using three distinct methodologies involving Bhabha ($e^+e^- \to e^+e^-(nγ)$), digamma ($e^+e^- \to γγ(nγ)$), and dimuon ($e^+e^- \to μ^+ μ^- (nγ)$) events. The total integrated luminosity obtained with Bhabha, digamma, and dimuon events is ({426.88} $\pm$ 0.03 $\pm$ {2.61})~fb$^{-1}$, ({429.28} $\pm$ 0.03 $\pm$ {2.62})~fb$^{-1}$, and ({423.99} $\pm$ 0.04 $\pm$ {3.83})~fb$^{-1}$, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The resulting total integrated luminosity obtained from the combination of the three methods is ({427.87 $\pm$ 2.01})~fb$^{-1}$. △ Less

Submitted 19 September, 2024; v1 submitted 1 July, 2024; originally announced July 2024.

Comments: 12 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication in Chinese Physics C

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-019; KEK Preprint 2024-16

Journal ref: Chin. Phys. C 49, 013001 (2025)

Study of $χ_{bJ}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)$ at Belle

Authors: Belle Collaboration, Z. S. Stottler, T. K. Pedlar, B. G. Fulsom, I. Adachi, K. Adamczyk, H. Aihara, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, Sw. Banerjee, M. Bauer, P. Behera, K. Belous, J. Bennett, F. Bernlochner, M. Bessner, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, G. Bonvicini , et al. (157 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We report a study of the hadronic transitions $χ_{bJ}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)$, with $ω\toπ^{+}π^{-}π^{0}$, using $28.2\times10^6~Υ(3S)$ mesons recorded by the Belle detector. We present the first evidence for the near--threshold transition $χ_{b0}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)$, the analog of the charm sector decay $χ_{c1}(3872)\toωJ/ψ$, with a branching fraction of… ▽ More We report a study of the hadronic transitions $χ_{bJ}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)$, with $ω\toπ^{+}π^{-}π^{0}$, using $28.2\times10^6~Υ(3S)$ mesons recorded by the Belle detector. We present the first evidence for the near--threshold transition $χ_{b0}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)$, the analog of the charm sector decay $χ_{c1}(3872)\toωJ/ψ$, with a branching fraction of $B\big(χ_{b0}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)\big) = \big(0.55\pm0.19\pm0.07\big)\%$. We also obtain branching fractions of $B\big(χ_{b1}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)\big) = \big(2.39{}^{+0.20}_{-0.19}\pm0.24\big)\%$ and $B\big(χ_{b2}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)\big) = \big(0.47{}^{+0.13}_{-0.12}\pm0.06\big)\%$, confirming the measurement of the $ω$ transitions of the $J=1,2~P$--wave states. The ratio for the $J=2$ to $J=1$ transitions is also measured and found to differ by 3.3 standard deviations from the expected value in the QCD multipole expansion. △ Less

Submitted 8 July, 2024; v1 submitted 30 June, 2024; originally announced July 2024.

Comments: 6 pages, 2 figures

Report number: Belle Preprint: 2024-05; KEK Preprint: 2024-10

The Belle II Detector Upgrades Framework Conceptual Design Report

Authors: H. Aihara, A. Aloisio, D. P. Auguste, M. Aversano, M. Babeluk, S. Bahinipati, Sw. Banerjee, M. Barbero, J. Baudot, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, T. Bergauer, F. U. Bernlochner., V. Bertacchi, G. Bertolone, C. Bespin, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, A. J. Bevan, B. Bhuyan, M. Bona, J. F. Bonis, J. Borah, F. Bosi, R. Boudagga , et al. (186 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We describe the planned near-term and potential longer-term upgrades of the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider operating at the KEK laboratory in Tsukuba, Japan. These upgrades will allow increasingly sensitive searches for possible new physics beyond the Standard Model in flavor, tau, electroweak and dark sector physics that are both complementary to and competitive wit… ▽ More We describe the planned near-term and potential longer-term upgrades of the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider operating at the KEK laboratory in Tsukuba, Japan. These upgrades will allow increasingly sensitive searches for possible new physics beyond the Standard Model in flavor, tau, electroweak and dark sector physics that are both complementary to and competitive with the LHC and other experiments. △ Less

Submitted 4 July, 2024; v1 submitted 26 June, 2024; originally announced June 2024.

Comments: Editor: F. Forti 170 pages

Report number: KEK-REPORT-2024-1, BELLE2-REPORT-2024-042

Measurement of the branching fractions of $\bar{B}\to D^{(*)} K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$ and $\bar{B}\to D^{(*)}D_s^{-}$ decays at Belle II

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer , et al. (382 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present measurements of the branching fractions of eight $\overline B{}^0\to D^{(*)+} K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$, $B^{-}\to D^{(*)0} K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$ decay channels. The results are based on data from SuperKEKB electron-positron collisions at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance collected with the Belle II detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $362~\text{fb}^{-1}$. The event yields are extracted… ▽ More We present measurements of the branching fractions of eight $\overline B{}^0\to D^{(*)+} K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$, $B^{-}\to D^{(*)0} K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$ decay channels. The results are based on data from SuperKEKB electron-positron collisions at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance collected with the Belle II detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $362~\text{fb}^{-1}$. The event yields are extracted from fits to the distributions of the difference between expected and observed $B$ meson energy, and are efficiency-corrected as a function of $m(K^-K^{(*)0}_{(S)})$ and $m(D^{(*)}K^{(*)0}_{(S)})$ in order to avoid dependence on the decay model. These results include the first observation of $\overline B{}^0\to D^+K^-K_S^0$, $B^-\to D^{*0}K^-K_S^0$, and $\overline B{}^0\to D^{*+}K^-K_S^0$ decays and a significant improvement in the precision of the other channels compared to previous measurements. The helicity-angle distributions and the invariant mass distributions of the $K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$ systems are compatible with quasi-two-body decays via a resonant transition with spin-parity $J^P=1^-$ for the $K^-K_S^0$ systems and $J^P= 1^+$ for the $K^-K^{*0}$ systems. We also present measurements of the branching fractions of four $\overline B{}^0\to D^{(*)+} D_s^-$, $B^{-}\to D^{(*)0} D_s^-$ decay channels with a precision compatible to the current world averages. △ Less

Submitted 4 September, 2024; v1 submitted 10 June, 2024; originally announced June 2024.

Comments: 34 pages, 14 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2305.01321

Report number: Belle II Preprint: 2024-014, KEK Preprint: 2024-8

Journal ref: J. High Energ. Phys. 08 (2024) 206

Measurements of the branching fractions of $Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}π^{0}$, $Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}η$, and $Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}η^{\prime}$ and asymmetry parameter of $Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}π^{0}$

Authors: Belle, Belle II Collaborations, :, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien , et al. (360 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present a study of $Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}π^{0}$, $Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}η$, and $Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}η^{\prime}$ decays using the Belle and Belle~II data samples, which have integrated luminosities of 980~$\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ and 426~$\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$, respectively. We measure the following relative branching fractions… ▽ More We present a study of $Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}π^{0}$, $Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}η$, and $Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}η^{\prime}$ decays using the Belle and Belle~II data samples, which have integrated luminosities of 980~$\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ and 426~$\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$, respectively. We measure the following relative branching fractions $${\cal B}(Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}π^{0})/{\cal B}(Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{-}π^{+}) = 0.48 \pm 0.02 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.03 ({\rm syst}) ,$$ $${\cal B}(Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}η)/{\cal B}(Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{-}π^{+}) = 0.11 \pm 0.01 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.01 ({\rm syst}) ,$$ $${\cal B}(Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}η^{\prime})/{\cal B}(Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{-}π^{+}) = 0.08 \pm 0.02 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.01 ({\rm syst})$$ for the first time, where the uncertainties are statistical ($\rm stat$) and systematic ($\rm syst$). By multiplying by the branching fraction of the normalization mode, ${\mathcal B}(Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{-}π^{+})$, we obtain the following absolute branching fraction results $(6.9 \pm 0.3 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.5 ({\rm syst}) \pm 1.3 ({\rm norm})) \times 10^{-3}$, $(1.6 \pm 0.2 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.2 ({\rm syst}) \pm 0.3 ({\rm norm})) \times 10^{-3}$, and $(1.2 \pm 0.3 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.1 ({\rm syst}) \pm 0.2 ({\rm norm})) \times 10^{-3}$, for $Ξ_{c}^{0}$ decays to $Ξ^{0}π^{0}$, $Ξ^{0}η$, and $Ξ^{0}η^{\prime}$ final states, respectively. The third errors are from the uncertainty on ${\mathcal B}(Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{-}π^{+})$. The asymmetry parameter for $Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}π^{0}$ is measured to be $α(Ξ_{c}^{0}\toΞ^{0}π^{0}) = -0.90\pm0.15({\rm stat})\pm0.23({\rm syst})$. △ Less

Submitted 5 October, 2024; v1 submitted 7 June, 2024; originally announced June 2024.

Comments: 23 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication by JHEP

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-015; KEK Preprint 2024-9

Journal ref: JHEP10(2024)045

Search for the decay $B^{0}\toγγ$ using Belle and Belle II data

Authors: Belle, Belle II Collaborations, :, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, S. Al Said, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot , et al. (385 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We report the result of a search for the rare decay $B^{0} \to γγ$ using a combined dataset of $753\times10^{6}$ $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle experiment and $387\times10^{6}$ $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle II experiment from decays of the $\rm Υ(4S)$ resonance produced in $e^{+}e^{-}$ collisions. A simultaneous fit to the Belle and Belle II data sets yields… ▽ More We report the result of a search for the rare decay $B^{0} \to γγ$ using a combined dataset of $753\times10^{6}$ $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle experiment and $387\times10^{6}$ $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle II experiment from decays of the $\rm Υ(4S)$ resonance produced in $e^{+}e^{-}$ collisions. A simultaneous fit to the Belle and Belle II data sets yields $11.0^{+6.5}_{-5.5}$ signal events, corresponding to a 2.5$σ$ significance. We determine the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(B^{0} \to γγ) = (3.7^{+2.2}_{-1.8}(\rm stat)\pm0.5(\rm syst))\times10^{-8}$ and set a 90% credibility level upper limit of $\mathcal{B}(B^{0} \to γγ) < 6.4\times10^{-8}$. △ Less

Submitted 27 August, 2024; v1 submitted 30 May, 2024; originally announced May 2024.

Comments: Published in PRD(L)

Report number: Belle II Preprint: 2024-017, KEK Preprint: 2024-13

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. D 110, L031106 (2024)

Measurement of the energy dependence of the $e^+e^- \to B\bar{B}$, $B\bar{B}{}^*$, and $B^*\bar{B}{}^*$ cross sections at Belle~II

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, M. Bauer, A. Baur , et al. (444 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We report measurements of the $e^+e^- \to B\bar{B}$, $B\bar{B}{}^*$, and $B^*\bar{B}{}^*$ cross sections at four energies, 10653, 10701, 10746 and 10805 MeV, using data collected by the Belle~II experiment. We reconstruct one $B$ meson in a large number of hadronic final states and use its momentum to identify the production process. In the first $2-5$ MeV above $B^*\bar{B}{}^*$ threshold, the… ▽ More We report measurements of the $e^+e^- \to B\bar{B}$, $B\bar{B}{}^*$, and $B^*\bar{B}{}^*$ cross sections at four energies, 10653, 10701, 10746 and 10805 MeV, using data collected by the Belle~II experiment. We reconstruct one $B$ meson in a large number of hadronic final states and use its momentum to identify the production process. In the first $2-5$ MeV above $B^*\bar{B}{}^*$ threshold, the $e^+e^- \to B^*\bar{B}{}^*$ cross section increases rapidly. This may indicate the presence of a pole close to the threshold. △ Less

Submitted 4 October, 2024; v1 submitted 29 May, 2024; originally announced May 2024.

Comments: 30 pages, 15 figures, version accepted by JHEP

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-016, KEK Preprint 2024-12

Test of light-lepton universality in $τ$ decays with the Belle II experiment

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, K. Adamczyk, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker , et al. (406 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present a measurement of the ratio $R_μ= \mathcal{B}(τ^-\to μ^-\barν_μν_τ) / \mathcal{B}(τ^-\to e^-\barν_eν_τ)$ of branching fractions $\mathcal{B}$ of the $τ$ lepton decaying to muons or electrons using data collected with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB $e^+e^-$ collider. The sample has an integrated luminosity of $362\!\pm\!2\,\text{fb}^{-1}$ at a centre-of-mass energy of… ▽ More We present a measurement of the ratio $R_μ= \mathcal{B}(τ^-\to μ^-\barν_μν_τ) / \mathcal{B}(τ^-\to e^-\barν_eν_τ)$ of branching fractions $\mathcal{B}$ of the $τ$ lepton decaying to muons or electrons using data collected with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB $e^+e^-$ collider. The sample has an integrated luminosity of $362\!\pm\!2\,\text{fb}^{-1}$ at a centre-of-mass energy of $10.58\,\text{GeV}$. Using an optimised event selection, a binned maximum likelihood fit is performed using the momentum spectra of the electron and muon candidates. The result, $R_μ= 0.9675 \pm 0.0007 \pm 0.0036$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic, is the most precise to date. It provides a stringent test of the light-lepton universality, translating to a ratio of the couplings of the muon and electron to the $W$ boson in $τ$ decays of $0.9974 \pm 0.0019$, in agreement with the standard model expectation of unity. △ Less

Submitted 30 August, 2024; v1 submitted 23 May, 2024; originally announced May 2024.

Comments: 22 pages, 7 figures

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-002, KEK Preprint 2023-49

Journal ref: Journal of High Energy Physics 08 (2024) 205

Search for lepton-flavor-violating $τ^- \to μ^-μ^+μ^-$ decays at Belle II

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker , et al. (407 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present the result of a search for the charged-lepton-flavor violating decay $τ^- \to μ^-μ^+μ^-$ using a $424fb^{-1}$ sample of data recorded by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB $e^{-}e^{+}$ collider. The selection of $e^{-}e^{+}\toτ^+τ^-$ events is based on an inclusive reconstruction of the non-signal tau decay, and on a boosted decision tree to suppress background. We observe one sig… ▽ More We present the result of a search for the charged-lepton-flavor violating decay $τ^- \to μ^-μ^+μ^-$ using a $424fb^{-1}$ sample of data recorded by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB $e^{-}e^{+}$ collider. The selection of $e^{-}e^{+}\toτ^+τ^-$ events is based on an inclusive reconstruction of the non-signal tau decay, and on a boosted decision tree to suppress background. We observe one signal candidate, which is compatible with the expectation from background processes. We set a $90\%$ confidence level upper limit of $1.9 \times 10^{-8}$ on the branching fraction of the \taumu decay, which is the most stringent bound to date. △ Less

Submitted 28 November, 2024; v1 submitted 12 May, 2024; originally announced May 2024.

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-012 KEK Preprint 2024-6

Journal ref: J. High Energ. Phys. 2024, 62 (2024).

Determination of the CKM angle $φ_{3}$ from a combination of Belle and Belle II results

Authors: Belle, Belle II Collaborations, :, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, S. Al Said, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien , et al. (377 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We report a determination of the CKM angle $φ_{3}$, also known as $γ$, from a combination of measurements using samples of up to 711~fb$^{-1}$ from the Belle experiment and up to 362~fb$^{-1}$ from the Belle II experiment. We combine results from analyses of $B^+\to DK^+, B^+\to Dπ^+$, and $B^+ \to D^{*}K^+$ decays, where $D$ is an admixture of $D^0$ and $\overline{D}{}^{0}$ mesons, in a likelihoo… ▽ More We report a determination of the CKM angle $φ_{3}$, also known as $γ$, from a combination of measurements using samples of up to 711~fb$^{-1}$ from the Belle experiment and up to 362~fb$^{-1}$ from the Belle II experiment. We combine results from analyses of $B^+\to DK^+, B^+\to Dπ^+$, and $B^+ \to D^{*}K^+$ decays, where $D$ is an admixture of $D^0$ and $\overline{D}{}^{0}$ mesons, in a likelihood fit to obtain $φ_{3} = (78.6^{+7.2}_{-7.3})^{\circ}$. We also briefly discuss the interpretation of this result. △ Less

Submitted 12 August, 2024; v1 submitted 19 April, 2024; originally announced April 2024.

Comments: 31 pages, 4 figures

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2023-015, KEK Preprint 2023-31

Search for Rare $b \to d\ell^+\ell^-$ Transitions at Belle

Authors: Belle, Belle II Collaborations, :, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker , et al. (371 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present the results of a search for the $b \to d\ell^+\ell^-$ flavor-changing neutral-current rare decays $B^{+, 0} \to (η, ω, π^{+,0}, ρ^{+, 0}) e^+e^-$ and $B^{+, 0} \to (η, ω, π^{0}, ρ^{+}) μ^+μ^-$ using a $711$ fb$^{-1}$ data sample that contains $772 \times 10^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ events. The data were collected at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy… ▽ More We present the results of a search for the $b \to d\ell^+\ell^-$ flavor-changing neutral-current rare decays $B^{+, 0} \to (η, ω, π^{+,0}, ρ^{+, 0}) e^+e^-$ and $B^{+, 0} \to (η, ω, π^{0}, ρ^{+}) μ^+μ^-$ using a $711$ fb$^{-1}$ data sample that contains $772 \times 10^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ events. The data were collected at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. We find no evidence for signal and set upper limits on branching fractions at the $90\%$ confidence level in the range $(3.8 - 47) \times 10^{-8}$ depending on the decay channel. The obtained limits are the world's best results. This is the first search for the channels $B^{+, 0} \to (ω, ρ^{+,0}) e^+e^-$ and $B^{+, 0} \to (ω, ρ^{+})μ^+μ^-$. △ Less

Submitted 6 September, 2024; v1 submitted 11 April, 2024; originally announced April 2024.

Comments: 7 pages, 12 figures

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-005, KEK Preprint 2023-52

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 101804 (2024)

Measurement of the $e^+e^- \to π^+π^-π^0$ cross section in the energy range 0.62-3.50 GeV at Belle II

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, J. V. Bennett , et al. (338 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We report a measurement of the $e^+e^- \to π^+π^-π^0$ cross section in the energy range from 0.62 to 3.50 GeV using an initial-state radiation technique. We use an $e^+e^-$ data sample corresponding to 191 $\text{fb}^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity, collected at a center-of-mass energy at or near the $Υ{(4S)}$ resonance with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB collider. Signal yields are extract… ▽ More We report a measurement of the $e^+e^- \to π^+π^-π^0$ cross section in the energy range from 0.62 to 3.50 GeV using an initial-state radiation technique. We use an $e^+e^-$ data sample corresponding to 191 $\text{fb}^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity, collected at a center-of-mass energy at or near the $Υ{(4S)}$ resonance with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB collider. Signal yields are extracted by fitting the two-photon mass distribution in $e^+e^- \to π^+π^-π^0γ$ events, which involve a $π^0 \to γγ$ decay and an energetic photon radiated from the initial state. Signal efficiency corrections with an accuracy of 1.6% are obtained from several control data samples. The uncertainty on the cross section at the $ω$ and $φ$ resonances is dominated by the systematic uncertainty of 2.2%. The resulting cross sections in the 0.62-1.80 GeV energy range yield $a_μ^{3π} = [48.91 \pm 0.23~(\mathrm{stat}) \pm 1.07~(\mathrm{syst})] \times 10^{-10}$ for the leading-order hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. This result differs by $2.5$ standard deviations from the most precise current determination. △ Less

Submitted 8 December, 2024; v1 submitted 7 April, 2024; originally announced April 2024.

Comments: 23 pages, 24 figures, submitted to PRD

Report number: KEK Preprint 2023-51, Belle II Preprint 2024-004

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. D 110 (2024) 112005

First Measurement of the $ν_e$ and $ν_μ$ Interaction Cross Sections at the LHC with FASER's Emulsion Detector

Authors: FASER Collaboration, Roshan Mammen Abraham, John Anders, Claire Antel, Akitaka Ariga, Tomoko Ariga, Jeremy Atkinson, Florian U. Bernlochner, Tobias Boeckh, Jamie Boyd, Lydia Brenner, Angela Burger, Franck Cadoux, Roberto Cardella, David W. Casper, Charlotte Cavanagh, Xin Chen, Andrea Coccaro, Stephane Debieux, Monica D'Onofrio, Ansh Desai, Sergey Dmitrievsky, Sinead Eley, Yannick Favre, Deion Fellers , et al. (80 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: This paper presents the first results of the study of high-energy electron and muon neutrino charged-current interactions in the FASER$ν$ emulsion/tungsten detector of the FASER experiment at the LHC. A subset of the FASER$ν$ volume, which corresponds to a target mass of 128.6~kg, was exposed to neutrinos from the LHC $pp$ collisions with a centre-of-mass energy of 13.6~TeV and an integrated lumin… ▽ More This paper presents the first results of the study of high-energy electron and muon neutrino charged-current interactions in the FASER$ν$ emulsion/tungsten detector of the FASER experiment at the LHC. A subset of the FASER$ν$ volume, which corresponds to a target mass of 128.6~kg, was exposed to neutrinos from the LHC $pp$ collisions with a centre-of-mass energy of 13.6~TeV and an integrated luminosity of 9.5 fb$^{-1}$. Applying stringent selections requiring electrons with reconstructed energy above 200~GeV, four electron neutrino interaction candidate events are observed with an expected background of $0.025^{+0.015}_{-0.010}$, leading to a statistical significance of 5.2$σ$. This is the first direct observation of electron neutrino interactions at a particle collider. Eight muon neutrino interaction candidate events are also detected, with an expected background of $0.22^{+0.09}_{-0.07}$, leading to a statistical significance of 5.7$σ$. The signal events include neutrinos with energies in the TeV range, the highest-energy electron and muon neutrinos ever detected from an artificial source. The energy-independent part of the interaction cross section per nucleon is measured over an energy range of 560--1740 GeV (520--1760 GeV) for $ν_e$ ($ν_μ$) to be $(1.2_{-0.7}^{+0.8}) \times 10^{-38}~\mathrm{cm}^{2}\,\mathrm{GeV}^{-1}$ ($(0.5\pm0.2) \times 10^{-38}~\mathrm{cm}^{2}\,\mathrm{GeV}^{-1}$), consistent with Standard Model predictions. These are the first measurements of neutrino interaction cross sections in those energy ranges. △ Less

Submitted 15 July, 2024; v1 submitted 19 March, 2024; originally announced March 2024.

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 021802 (2024)

Search for a $μ^+μ^-$ resonance in four-muon final states at Belle II

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, K. Adamczyk, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer , et al. (379 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We report on a search for a resonance $X$ decaying to a pair of muons in $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow μ^+ μ^- X$ events in the 0.212-9.000 GeV/$c^{2}$ mass range, using 178 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected by the BelleII experiment at the SuperKEKB collider at a center of mass energy of 10.58 GeV. The analysis probes two different models of $X$ beyond the standard model: a $Z^{\prime}$ vector boson in the… ▽ More We report on a search for a resonance $X$ decaying to a pair of muons in $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow μ^+ μ^- X$ events in the 0.212-9.000 GeV/$c^{2}$ mass range, using 178 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected by the BelleII experiment at the SuperKEKB collider at a center of mass energy of 10.58 GeV. The analysis probes two different models of $X$ beyond the standard model: a $Z^{\prime}$ vector boson in the $L_μ-L_τ$ model and a muonphilic scalar. We observe no evidence for a signal and set exclusion limits at the 90$\%$ confidence level on the products of cross section and branching fraction for these processes, ranging from 0.046 fb to 0.97 fb for the $L_μ-L_τ$ model and from 0.055 fb to 1.3 fb for the muonphilic scalar model. For masses below 6 GeV/$c^{2}$, the corresponding constraints on the couplings of these processes to the standard model range from 0.0008 to 0.039 for the $L_μ-L_τ$ model and from 0.0018 to 0.040 for the muonphilic scalar model. These are the first constraints on the muonphilic scalar from a dedicated search. △ Less

Submitted 26 June, 2024; v1 submitted 5 March, 2024; originally announced March 2024.

Report number: 2024-007, 2023-55

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. D 109, 112015 (2024)

Measurement of $CP$ asymmetries in $B^0 \rightarrow K^0_S K^0_S K^0_S$ decays at Belle II

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, M. Bauer, A. Baur, A. Beaubien , et al. (428 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We report a measurement of decay-time dependent charge-parity ($CP$) asymmetries in $B^0 \rightarrow K^0_S K^0_S K^0_S$ decays. We use $387 \times 10^6 B\bar{B}$ pairs collected at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy electron-positron collider. We reconstruct 220 signal events and extract the $CP$-violating parameters $S$ and $C$ from a fit to the di… ▽ More We report a measurement of decay-time dependent charge-parity ($CP$) asymmetries in $B^0 \rightarrow K^0_S K^0_S K^0_S$ decays. We use $387 \times 10^6 B\bar{B}$ pairs collected at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy electron-positron collider. We reconstruct 220 signal events and extract the $CP$-violating parameters $S$ and $C$ from a fit to the distribution of the decay-time difference between the two $B$ mesons. The resulting confidence region is consistent with previous measurements in $B^0 \rightarrow K^0_S K^0_S K^0_S$ and $B^0 \rightarrow (c\bar{c})K^0$ decays, and with predictions based on the standard model. △ Less

Submitted 4 March, 2024; originally announced March 2024.

Comments: 10 pages, 5 figures

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-008, KEK Preprint 2023-56

New graph-neural-network flavor tagger for Belle II and measurement of $\sin2φ_1$ in $B^0 \to J/ψK^0_\text{S}$ decays

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer , et al. (391 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present GFlaT, a new algorithm that uses a graph-neural-network to determine the flavor of neutral $B$ mesons produced in $Υ(4S)$ decays. It improves previous algorithms by using the information from all charged final-state particles and the relations between them. We evaluate its performance using $B$ decays to flavor-specific hadronic final states reconstructed in a 362 $\text{fb}^{-1}$ sampl… ▽ More We present GFlaT, a new algorithm that uses a graph-neural-network to determine the flavor of neutral $B$ mesons produced in $Υ(4S)$ decays. It improves previous algorithms by using the information from all charged final-state particles and the relations between them. We evaluate its performance using $B$ decays to flavor-specific hadronic final states reconstructed in a 362 $\text{fb}^{-1}$ sample of electron-positron collisions collected at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB collider. We achieve an effective tagging efficiency of $(37.40 \pm 0.43 \pm 0.36) \%$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic, which is $18\%$ better than the previous Belle II algorithm. Demonstrating the algorithm, we use $B^{0}\to J/ψK^0_\text{S}$ decays to measure the mixing-induced and direct $CP$ violation parameters, $S = (0.724 \pm 0.035 \pm 0.009)$ and $C = (-0.035 \pm 0.026 \pm 0.029)$. △ Less

Submitted 23 July, 2024; v1 submitted 27 February, 2024; originally announced February 2024.

Comments: 15 pages, 9 figures

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-006, KEK Preprint 2023-53

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. D 110, 012001, 2024

Neutrino Rate Predictions for FASER

Authors: FASER Collaboration, Roshan Mammen Abraham, John Anders, Claire Antel, Akitaka Ariga, Tomoko Ariga, Jeremy Atkinson, Florian U. Bernlochner, Tobias Boeckh, Jamie Boyd, Lydia Brenner, Angela Burger, Franck Cadoux, Roberto Cardella, David W. Casper, Charlotte Cavanagh, Xin Chen, Andrea Coccaro, Stephane Débieux, Monica D'Onofrio, Ansh Desai, Sergey Dmitrievsky, Sinead Eley, Yannick Favre, Deion Fellers , et al. (75 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: The Forward Search Experiment (FASER) at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has recently directly detected the first collider neutrinos. Neutrinos play an important role in all FASER analyses, either as signal or background, and it is therefore essential to understand the neutrino event rates. In this study, we update previous simulations and present prescriptions for theoretical predictions of ne… ▽ More The Forward Search Experiment (FASER) at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has recently directly detected the first collider neutrinos. Neutrinos play an important role in all FASER analyses, either as signal or background, and it is therefore essential to understand the neutrino event rates. In this study, we update previous simulations and present prescriptions for theoretical predictions of neutrino fluxes and cross sections, together with their associated uncertainties. With these results, we discuss the potential for possible measurements that could be carried out in the coming years with the FASER neutrino data to be collected in LHC Run 3 and Run 4. △ Less

Submitted 13 June, 2024; v1 submitted 20 February, 2024; originally announced February 2024.

Comments: 19 pages, 10 figures

Lifetimes of $b$-hadrons and mixing of neutral $B$-mesons: theoretical and experimental status

Authors: Johannes Albrecht, Florian Bernlochner, Alexander Lenz, Aleksey Rusov

Abstract: In this article, we review the current status of $B$-mixing and $b$-hadron lifetimes both from experimental and theoretical points of view. Furthermore, we discuss the phenomenological potential of these observables for deepening our understanding of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and for indirect searches for effects beyond the Standard Model (SM). In addition, we present new updated SM predictions… ▽ More In this article, we review the current status of $B$-mixing and $b$-hadron lifetimes both from experimental and theoretical points of view. Furthermore, we discuss the phenomenological potential of these observables for deepening our understanding of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and for indirect searches for effects beyond the Standard Model (SM). In addition, we present new updated SM predictions for the mixing observables $ΔM_{d,s}$, $ΔΓ_{d,s}$ and $a_{fs}^{d,s}$. We conclude with an outlook on future prospects for theoretical and experimental improvements. △ Less

Submitted 6 February, 2024; originally announced February 2024.

Comments: Invited review for EPJST. 26 pages, 26 figures, 6 tables, 306 references

Report number: SI-HEP-2024-04

Measurement of $CP$ asymmetries in $B^0\toη'K^0_s$ decays at Belle II

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, J. V. Bennett , et al. (377 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We describe a measurement of charge-parity ($CP$) violation asymmetries in $B^0\toη'K^0_S$ decays using Belle II data. We consider $η'\toη(\toγγ)π^+π^-$ and $η'\toρ(\toπ^+π^-)γ$ decays. The data were collected at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider between the years 2019 and 2022, and contain $(387\pm 6) \times 10^6$ bottom-antibottom meson pairs. We reconstruct $829\pm35$ signal dec… ▽ More We describe a measurement of charge-parity ($CP$) violation asymmetries in $B^0\toη'K^0_S$ decays using Belle II data. We consider $η'\toη(\toγγ)π^+π^-$ and $η'\toρ(\toπ^+π^-)γ$ decays. The data were collected at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider between the years 2019 and 2022, and contain $(387\pm 6) \times 10^6$ bottom-antibottom meson pairs. We reconstruct $829\pm35$ signal decays and extract the $CP$ violating parameters from a fit to the distribution of the proper-decay-time difference between the two $B$ mesons. The measured direct and mixing-induced $CP$ asymmetries are $\text{C}_{η'K^0_S} = -0.19 \pm 0.08 \pm 0.03$ and $\text{S}_{η'K^0_S} = +0.67 \pm 0.10 \pm 0.04$, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. These results are in agreement with current world averages and standard model predictions. △ Less

Submitted 3 December, 2024; v1 submitted 6 February, 2024; originally announced February 2024.

Report number: Belle II Preprint 2024-003, KEK Preprint 2023-50

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. D 110, 112002, Published 2 December, 2024

Study of $Υ(10753)$ decays to $π^{+}π^{-}Υ(nS)$ final states at Belle II

Authors: Belle II Collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker , et al. (371 additional authors not shown)

Abstract: We present an analysis of the process $e^{+}e^{-}\toπ^{+}π^{-}Υ(nS)$ (where $n$ = 1, 2, or 3) reconstructed in $19.6\rm$ $\rm fb^{-1}$ of Belle II data during a special run of the SuperKEKB collider at four energy points near the peak of the $Υ(10753)$ resonance. By analyzing the mass distribution of the $π^+π^-Υ(nS)$ system and the Born cross sections of the $e^{+}e^{-}\toπ^{+}π^{-}Υ(nS)$ process… ▽ More We present an analysis of the process $e^{+}e^{-}\toπ^{+}π^{-}Υ(nS)$ (where $n$ = 1, 2, or 3) reconstructed in $19.6\rm$ $\rm fb^{-1}$ of Belle II data during a special run of the SuperKEKB collider at four energy points near the peak of the $Υ(10753)$ resonance. By analyzing the mass distribution of the $π^+π^-Υ(nS)$ system and the Born cross sections of the $e^{+}e^{-}\toπ^{+}π^{-}Υ(nS)$ process, we report the first observation of $Υ(10753)$ decays to the $π^{+}π^{-}Υ(1S)$ and $π^{+}π^{-}Υ(2S)$ final states, and find no evidence for decays to $π^{+}π^{-}Υ(3S)$. Possible intermediate states in the $π^+π^-Υ(1S,2S)$ transitions are also investigated, and no evidence for decays proceeding via the $π^\mp Z_b^\pm$ or $f_0(980)Υ(nS)$ intermediate states is found. We measure Born cross sections for the $e^{+}e^{-}\toπ^{+}π^{-}Υ(nS)$ process that, combined with results from Belle, improve the precision of measurements of the $Υ(10753)$ mass and width by nearly a factor of two to $(10756.3\pm2.7\pm0.6)$ MeV/$c^2$ and $(29.7\pm8.5\pm1.1)$ MeV, respectively. The relative ratios of the Born cross sections at the $Υ(10753)$ resonance peak are also reported for the first time. △ Less

Submitted 18 June, 2024; v1 submitted 22 January, 2024; originally announced January 2024.

Role of $ρ-ω$ interference in semileptonic $B \to π^+ π^- \ell \bar ν_\ell$ decays

Authors: Florian U. Bernlochner, Stefan Wallner

Abstract: It is long known that interference effects play an important role in understanding the shape of the $π^+π^-$ spectrum of resonances near the threshold. In this manuscript we investigate the role of the $ρ-ω$ interference in the study of semileptonic $B \to π^+ π^- \ell \bar ν_\ell$ decays. We determine for the first time the strong phase between $B \to ρ^0 \ell \bar ν_\ell$ and… ▽ More It is long known that interference effects play an important role in understanding the shape of the $π^+π^-$ spectrum of resonances near the threshold. In this manuscript we investigate the role of the $ρ-ω$ interference in the study of semileptonic $B \to π^+ π^- \ell \bar ν_\ell$ decays. We determine for the first time the strong phase between $B \to ρ^0 \ell \bar ν_\ell$ and $B \to ω\ell \bar ν_\ell$ from a recent Belle measurement of the $m_{ππ}$ spectrum of $B \to π^+ π^- \ell \bar ν_\ell$. We find $φ_{ρ-ω} = \left( -46_{-67}^{+155} \right)\unicode{xb0}$ and extract the branching fraction of $\mathcal{B}(B \to ρ^0 \ell \bar ν_\ell) = \left(1.41_{-0.38}^{+0.49} \right) \times 10^{-4}$. In addition, we set a limit on the $S$-wave component within a mass window ranging from $2 m_π$ to $1.02 \, \mathrm{GeV}$ of $0.51 \times 10^{-4} \,\, \mathrm{at} \, \, 90\% \, \mathrm{CL}$. We also determine the absolute value of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element of $|V_{ub}|_{ρ-ω} = \left( 3.03^{+0.49}_{-0.44} \right) \times 10^{-3}$, which takes into account the $ρ-ω$ interference. △ Less

Submitted 30 April, 2024; v1 submitted 16 January, 2024; originally announced January 2024.

Comments: 13 pages, 16 figures

Journal ref: Phys. Rev. D 109, 074040 (2024)